EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

1. Survey the scene - is scene is safe? what happened? Number of people injured? any bystander who can help? get consent to care. Identify yourself as a trained CPR provider. check for responsiveness. protect the spine.
2. Activate medical assistance or arrange transfer facility - call ambulance. Give concise information.
3. Do a primary survey of the victim - check the mouth or nose for any obstruction. A. Open the airway - head tilt-chin lift maneuver - if there is no spine injury. Jaw -thrust maneuver - can be used if the is suspected spine injury. B. Check for breathing - signs of life: breathing, coughing, movement. LOOK, LISTEN and FEEL METHOD. C. Check signs of circulation - check pulse and severe bleeding.
4. Do a secondary survey - interview the victim; victim's name, ask what happen, ask the SAMPLE history (Signs/symptoms; Allergies; Medication; Past medical history; Last oral intake; Events leading to episode). Check vital signs. Determine the skin appearance. Do the head to toe examination for deformity, confusion, abrasion, puncture, burn, laceration etc.