Drug – is an illicitly obtained substance such as heroin, cocaine or amphetamines
Prescription – written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug
One drug can have four kinds of name....
1) Generic Name – Is given before a drug becomes official
2) Official Name – Is the name under which it is listed in one of the official publications
3) Chemical Name – is the name by which a chemist knows it, this name describes the constituents of the drug precisely
4) Trademark or Brand Name – is the name given by the drug manufacturer
Pharmacy – is the art of preparing, compounding and dispensing drugs, it also refers to the place where drugs are prepared and dispensed.
Therapeutic effect – desired effect, the primary effect intended, the reason the drug is prescribed.
Side effect – or secondary effect of a drug is one that is unintended, these are usually predictable and may be either harmless or potentially harmful.
Drug toxicity – results from overdose, ingestion of a drug intended for external use and build up of the drug in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion.
Drug Allergy – immunologic reaction to a drug.
Drug Tolerance – exists in a person who has unusually low physiologic response to a drug and who requires a higher dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect.
Drug interaction – it occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time as, or after another drug alters the effect of one or both drugs.
Actions of Drugs
1. Onset of action – the time after administration when the body initially responds to the drug.
2. Peak plasma level – the highest plasma level achieved by the single dose when the elimination rate of a drug equals the absorption rate.
3. Drug Half-life (elimination half-life) – the time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of the drug to one-half what it was at initial administration.
4. Plateau – a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma during a series of scheduled doses.
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